| I asked Joe Breeze, Charlie Kelly and "Klunkerz" film | | | | and used all new components. |
| maker Billy Savage a couple of questions about | | | | J.B: Russ's bikes and all the other Morrow DC bikes |
| Mountain Bike history. | | | | used 1930s or 1940s Schwinn (or others) 'paper boy' |
| KM, 1: What was the exact date of Joe Breeze's | | | | frames and were built up with mostly used |
| "Breeze 13 in 1978? | | | | components. My 1977 Breezer had a frame I built |
| B.S: You'll have to check with Joe, but I believe it was | | | | specifically for our mountain riding and all parts were |
| late-September 1977, not 1978. Joe won the Repack | | | | brand new. In fact, it was the first mountain bike built |
| race that first weekend after completion of the bike. I | | | | with all new components. They were clunkers no |
| think that race was held on Oct.2nd, 1977. Joe finished | | | | more. |
| with a time of 4:34:38, 12 seconds off the course | | | | KM, 4: Were coaster brakes used because standard |
| record set by Gary. | | | | rubber brake pads melted from the speed and |
| C.K: Breezer 1 was completed in 1977, all the others in | | | | friction? |
| 1978. | | | | B.S: Coaster brakes were used because before alloy |
| J.B: I built Breezer 1 in September/October 1977. I don't | | | | rims were available steel rims didn't provide any kind of |
| have a specific date,but records indicate that I rode it | | | | braking surface when they got wet. That's why |
| to victory on its maiden voyage down | | | | coaster brakes (Morrow's in particular) and drum |
| Repack sometime in October or November of 1977. I | | | | brakes were the way to go. Once alloy came along, |
| built the other nine of this first series of Breezers in | | | | cantilever brakes made more sense. They were lighter |
| 1977 and into 1978. | | | | and easier to work on. |
| KM, 2: What year did specialized start the first mass | | | | C.K: Coaster brakes were used because that was |
| produced Mountain bikes if not Specialized who | | | | what came on old bikes, and at first we just used old |
| started the first mass produced MTBs? | | | | bikes. There were no rim brakes at the time that |
| B.S: Gary Fisher and Charlie Kelly were making | | | | would attach to the old bikes without welding |
| production bikes, | | | | something to the frame, or that would reach around |
| Mountain Bikes, in 1979, two years before Mike | | | | the bigger tire. Coaster brakes were used because |
| Sinyard's 'StumpJumper' hit the marketplace. Another | | | | that was all there was. |
| Marin group was building bikes as well. | | | | J.B: Coaster brakes were used initially because they |
| The Koski's and their 'TrailMaster' bike was being | | | | were sittin' right on the old fat-tire bikes. Once we got |
| produced in late 1979-early 1980. They were produced | | | | more serious, relics such as coaster brakes faded |
| in relatively small numbers, totaling less than 1000 bikes | | | | away. Drum brakes were next, but rim brakes were |
| during the couple years of production. | | | | lighter and were thenext choice even though wet pads |
| Mike's Sinyard's 'StumpJumper' bikes were significant | | | | meant reduced braking. With aluminum rims in 1979, rim |
| because he was producing them cheaply overseas in | | | | braking was significantly improved. |
| very large numbers, but Gary and | | | | KM, 5: What does everyone think of the French claims |
| Charlie's 'Mountain Bikes', using frames hand built by | | | | of Jean-Louis Swiners that roots of the mountain bikes |
| Tom Ritchey, were also flooding the San Francisco | | | | are in north-east suburbs of Paris, near the Porte des |
| Bay Area. Gary, Charlie and Tom produced several | | | | Lilas? |
| thousand bikes before Mike Sinyard made his first | | | | B.S: The VCCP outside of Paris in 1950s were very |
| 'StumpJumper'. Gary gave Mike a 'MountainBike' to | | | | significant. They definitely contributed to the whole |
| check out. Mike took it to Japan and knocked it off. | | | | thing, but they didn't continue. |
| Mike took the entire parts specoff of the | | | | It was the Marin tribe that created an industry with their |
| 'MountainBike' for his first 'StumpJumper', saving himself | | | | tenacity to make the bike industry take notice. If you |
| years of research and development. The Marin guys | | | | ever see pictures of the VCCP you can tell that they |
| had been whittling down that parts spec for years on | | | | were 20+ years ahead of the curve. |
| the trails of Mount Tamalpais. The only thing that was | | | | That's why they're in the Mountain Bike Hall of Fame, |
| different on Mike's 'StumpJumper' was a cheaper | | | | and it was Joe Breeze who inducted them there. |
| frame and cheaper labor. | | | | C.K: As far as I know, almost no one in the United |
| C.K: 1982. Univega had a similar bike "("Alpine Sport") | | | | States is aware of this claim, much less has an opinion |
| that came out shortly after the Stumpjumper. | | | | about it. Certainly these riders did not have any |
| J.B: Specialized who started the first mass produced | | | | influence over the Americans who developed the |
| MTBs? | | | | concept on their own. Although cyclists all over the |
| The proto-type Specialized Stumpjumper(s) first | | | | world have experimented with off-road bicycling for a |
| appeared in 1981. 1982 was the first year of production | | | | hundred years or more, the sport of mountain biking as |
| Stumpjumpers. Actually, Mert Lawwill of Marin, built | | | | we know it today is a California invention, just like BMX |
| about 300 Lawwill-Knight Pro-Cruisers starting in 1978. | | | | and skateboarding. |
| And something everyone seems to forget (and | | | | J.B: I was responsible for inducting the VCCP into the |
| maybe for good reason), mass marketer Murray Ohio | | | | MTB Hall of Fame in Finale Ligura, Italy in 1999. I was |
| produced their Murray Baja in 1980. I'm not sure how | | | | blown away with the level of their off-roadness. I |
| many were made, but it might have been in the | | | | wasn't aware of Jean-Louis Swiners. I will ask Jacques |
| thousands. I think it sold for about $99.99 at cheap | | | | Michel about him. |
| department stores. I understand it was a resounding | | | | Anyway, the VCCP is a bit like Kirkpatrick MacMillan |
| failure. I was impressed when an engineer from | | | | and his velocipede of 1839. It may have been the first |
| Murray came out to Marin in the late 1970s and was | | | | pedal bike, but it didn't contribute to bicycling. It was an |
| scoping out the scene. Apparently, not enough people | | | | evolutionary dead end. Though the VCCP is an |
| at Murray understood that people in the market for | | | | impressive example of essentially how far people |
| cheap bikes are last-adapters. | | | | went off road on bikes, their doings had no bearing on |
| KM, 3: What were the differences between Russ | | | | mountain biking. It was another evolutionary dead end. I |
| Mahon's bikes in 1974 and Joe Breeze's in 1978? | | | | think Geoff Apps and his Cleland bikes have |
| B.S: Russ' bike was a monster of a 'Klunker'. Russ | | | | evolutionary linkage. Not to Marin, but he had (has?) a |
| used a Ward's Hawthorne from the 1940s as the | | | | following in the UK. His line might even precede the |
| chassis with Suntour VX and Shimano Tourney | | | | Marin lineage. Geoff's spark carried on, no? Where did |
| derailleur's attached. Russ made many other | | | | he get the idea? |
| modifications, including | | | | Maybe my view is just Marin-centric, but I think it's |
| Suntour thumb shifters and redundant braking systems, | | | | difficult to ignore how much happened here that |
| etc. Joe's Breezer was a brand new bike with a | | | | caught the attention of a ton of people beyond |
| custom built frame out of lightweight tubing. It's kind of | | | | Marin. |
| like comparing an old smash up derby racer with a | | | | KM, 6: When did everyone realize how much of a |
| brand new Ferrari. Joe's bike was the first (or second) | | | | profound effect that they had on the modern bicycle? |
| custom built off-road frame with all brand new parts. | | | | B.S: You'd have to ask them, I'm just a filmmaker :). |
| Joe used new Mafac cantilever brakes, Suntour thumb | | | | They had a profound effect on me, and I'm honored |
| shifters, and derailleur's and rims etc. It was the first | | | | that they let me tell their story. |
| brand new off-road bike. | | | | C.K: About 1983, when every manufacturer offered a |
| C.K: I don't know when the Cupertino riders put gears | | | | bike copied directly from the Ritchey Mountain Bikes |
| on their bikes, but they had them by 1975. Unlike the | | | | that Gary Fisher and I first sold. |
| Cupertino bikes, which were old bikes with | | | | J. |
| modifications, Joe's was built on a hand-made frame, | | | | |